Dissexué syndrome is the result of an effort to classify cognitive behavioral changes caused by brain damage.
This syndrome is the result of frontal lobe injuries, specifically in prefrontal regions, the most complex executive functions are treated in this area.
- For this reason.
- Damage to the prefrontal zone causes changes in functions such as memory.
- Attention.
- Language.
- And perception.
- But mainly behavior.
Therefore, dissive or prefrontal syndrome encompasses a set of symptoms that affect the intellectual performance of individuals.
The frontal lobe is metaphorically the conductor of the brain orchestra, although the affected function depends on the specific area of the injury, the main consequences are:
Motor changes often manifest in pathological reflexes, which are uncoordinated and inadequate automatic responses, such as the pressure reflex.
On the other hand, perseverance consists of the inability to implement new strategies to perform the tasks, an example of perseverance is seen when a person tries to open a door, and by not being able to do it correctly, he continues to try the wrong way. .
Finally, when it comes to reaction, people can be overactive, with very little targeted attention.
As we have already mentioned, attention is a basic frontal function, in individuals with damage in this area we see changes such as:
This feature is affected at the same time as the others, and can highlight multiple changes in overall memory.
First, retention tasks are greatly affected, as is the anograde memory, which in many cases leads to collusion. There is also a sequential disorganization of temporary events, which contributes to a general state of confusion.
Prefrontal damage is not always associated with apathy and lack of emotional responses, but with little elaboration, immediacy and infantilism, behavioral changes usually depend on the type and location of the injury, with very different consequences:
Since the hemisphere where the tongue is treated is left, left lesions will have a significant impact on the language, bilaterally, conceptualization and analysis difficulties are clearly affected.
In most patients, formal language is preserved, but due to poor planning and poor memory, it is very repetitive. Behavioral changes also affect communication.
Perception changes are generally not the most visible, becoming more apparent in visual search tasks (selective attention).
In addition, errors in the recognition of people and places, spatial neglect and difficulties in the direction of eye movements are more common.
Detailed symptoms usually appear simultaneously in cases of frontal lobe injury and, more specifically, prefrontal cortex injury, but neuropsychological studies have provided more precise detail depending on the injured structure:
Diagnosis is usually made by a neuropsychologist, using standardized tests to evaluate the syndrome.
It is also a process that involves the intervention of a neurologist and other health professionals, due to the need to evaluate and report the patient’s injury.
As for treatment, rehabilitation is based on the recovery or maintenance of the individual’s functionality, depending on their severity and the affected cognitive areas.
The procedure also usually has a pharmaceutical component to control symptoms that affect the patient’s social life.
In conclusion, it should be noted that this syndrome is acquired from injuries and strokes, the main symptom being widespread intellectual abandonment and most executive functions are affected.
Acquired brain-type syndromes demonstrate the importance of avoiding behaviors and risk factors.