About 150 years ago, Claude Bernard made a connection between the brain and the heart. The scientist proposed that the prefrontal cerebral cortex had a regulatory function on the activity of subcortical circuits related to the motivated response. Years later, Thayer and Lane (2000) called this connection a neurovisceral integration model.
Thus, this model would establish a network of neural structures related to physiological, cognitive and emotional regulation, this network is called the autonomous central network, so this network is part of an internal regulatory system, thanks to which the brain can control visceroric, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses, all of which are necessary for adaptive behavior.
- This autonomous central network that we are talking about inertly the heart through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
- However.
- This interaction is considered the source of heart rate variability (CRV).
When the heart is affected, it is reflected in the brain and the state of the brain is reflected again through the pneumiatric nerve (wave) in the heart, so in the face of all excitement, there will be a lot of action and mutual reaction between them. two most important organs of the body ?. Darwin?
It turns out that VRC is therefore the result of interactions of the autonomous nervous system (SNA) and the intrinsic mechanism of heart function. Therefore, NAS activity is based on the balance between the sympathetic nervous system (SNE) and the parasympathetic. nervous system (NPS).
Activating NHS results in an increase in heart rate by slow low-frequency pulses, it is also responsible for changes in heart rate due to physical and mental stress, on the other hand, SNP decreases heart rate by high-frequency vague electrical impulses. .
• Even when the heart rate (FC) is relatively stable, the time between beats (FC) may differ significantly. Is the variation in time between heartbeats defined as heart rate variability (VFC)?. ? Achten and Jeukendrup?
Therefore, intrinsic heart mechanisms and joint activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves (waves) act on the syno-aticular nodule.
To understand this, for all practical purposes, CRV is defined as the variation in pulse rate over a defined time interval, the most common way to measure it is electrocardiogram (ECG).
Recently, research on this model has suggested that there is a relationship between SNP-mediated HRP and heart care and emotion rates.
“Can all these processes of cognitive regulation, affective regulation and physiological regulation be interdependent in a goal-oriented behavioral service,” Tayer and Lane, 2000?
Thus, as recent research establishes this link between brain and heart, several studies have shown a decrease in CRV in certain pathologies characterized by inadequate emotional regulation.
Thus, the neurovisceral integration model proposes an association between the regulation of certain vagal function systems and VFC, for example, certain risk factors for cardiovascular disease or heart attack are related to the decreased function of the vagus nerve.
According to the neurovisceral integration model, CKV is also linked to emotional regulation, emotions reflect the state of adaptation of each person to adapt to the vital changes in their environment.
Thus, it has recently been discovered that individuals with higher levels of RESTing CKV, compared to those with lower resting levels, produce more context-appropriate emotional responses through fear responses modulated by emotion.
In addition, the increase in CRV associated with emotional regulation is accompanied by concomitant changes in cerebral blood flow in areas identified as important in emotional regulation and inhibitory processes.
Finally, research has determined the relationship between CRV and cognitive regulation, so many of the tasks we perform daily involve cognitive processes, some of them are:
In addition, research has concluded after some studies that the higher the CRV, the better the executive performance at all levels, valuable information to understand our psyche and our body in general.